Showing posts with label Table of Duties. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Table of Duties. Show all posts

Sunday, December 18, 2022

Rorate Coeli (Advent 4)

Rorate Coeli (Advent 4) – December 18, 2022
Psalm 19; Deuteronomy 18:15-19; Philippians 4:4-7
St. John 1:19-28

In the Name of the Father, and of the + Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen.

Satan is quite clever in today’s Gospel reading. The messengers from Jerusalem are willing to grant St. John the Baptist any title he might desire. They ask if he is the Christ and they would willingly treat him as such. When he declines this title, they ask if he is Elijah, that is, if he is Elijah returned from heaven. Remember that Elijah did not suffer death. He was carried by a fiery chariot into heaven. Thus these Jews interpreted Malachi 3 as prophesying that the great prophet Elijah would return from heaven just prior to the arrival of the Messiah. John again declines this title.

So, they ask if he is the Prophet. Here is an interesting question. Because they are asking about the Prophet and just a Prophet, it seems most likely that they are asking if John is the prophet like Moses, promised by God in our reading from the Old Testament. On the other hand, the Prophet like Moses, raised up by God, having the Word of God in His mouth, and speaking all that the Father commands Him, is clearly a title for the Messiah. Even the priests and Levites, the scribes and the Pharisees would have known this to be a title for the Messiah and John has already denied being the Messiah.

Thus, this third title is highly deceptive. It seems the Jews are giving John the opportunity to interpret their words for them. He has a second chance to claim to be the Messiah. He also has an opportunity to simply claim to be a prophet. Yet once again, John denies being the Prophet.

In the fourth question, “What do you say about yourself?” the Jews give John the opportunity to define himself. He is granted the freedom to choose his own title and we are given no reason the Jews would disbelieve his response. Given this freedom, when asked what he says about himself, John confessed and did not deny, but confessed, “I am the voice of one crying in the wilderness: Make straight the way of the Lord.”[1] He refused to answer in his own words. He says about himself only what Scripture says.

Frustrated by John’s unwillingness to define himself according to their will, the Jews demand to know why, that is, by what authority, John is baptizing. John uses this opportunity to turn their attention away from himself and toward Christ. John has already begun to decrease that Christ would increase.

God truly blessed His Church in sending St. John to be the forerunner of the Christ. He was unafraid of kings, priests, Levites, Pharisees, soldiers, and crowds. He was unafraid and unashamed. The man wore camel’s hair and a leather belt. He ate locusts and wild honey. He preached in the wilderness. Everything about St. John was beyond countercultural. He was what today, we would easily call a zealot, freak, or weirdo. And John wouldn’t bat an eye at these names.

Would you? We are quick to complain about the world around us—the failing morality, the perversity taught in schools, and the manipulation of media. You have heard it said many times, that the Church is set in the world but is not of the world. The Church is to stand out as a shining beacon on the hill. The Church does not give in to the culture nor seek the approval of the culture.

And yet we are all afraid to be considered too weird, too distinct from the culture, too separate. “Train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not depart from it.”[2] When we have given the training of our children over to Caesar, that is, over to the government, why are we surprised they choose to live of the world instead of the Church?

Or when we give the training of our children over to 35 hours of government-run schools, 5-10 hours a week in sports training and competition, and just maybe give them 2 hours of time in the church, why are we surprised when a college with a scholarship sports team but without a faithful church anywhere nearby is their first choice? Or when Church is the last thing on their minds? Or when they complain that Sunday is their only day to sleep in?

Why is it that homeschooling children is too weird? “I want to be counter-cultural, but not that countercultural.” Why is it that giving children “the best education possible” or training them for “real-world skills” is more important than training up their faith? Why is it that when a child is 5 or 6, the primary concern is which school district you live in, so that they will have a “successful high school career”? Shouldn’t the goal of education be to give children a foundation in the truth, which begins and ends in Jesus Christ?

Why are crucifixes “too popish” but mangers are cute? If Jesus isn’t still on the cross, He certainly isn’t still in the manger. It's because crucifixes show what happened to that baby in the manger because of your sin. They are unpleasant for your sinful nature to look at because the crucifix makes your sins unavoidable. The manger scene is cute enough that you can convince yourself it doesn’t smell like animals and manure.

If we truly believe that the Scriptures are the inerrant Word of God, why do we not read them in line at the DMV? Why does everyone own a TV and a phone, both of which almost certainly get more time and attention than your bible?

Why do pastors struggle to confront sinners? Why do pastors try to soften the blow when someone manifestly sins in front of him? Why are Christians afraid of spending more than one or two hours a week at the Church building?

Why do we have any question or hesitation about men having God-given authority over women? Scripture repeatedly speaks of such male headship in the home, in the church, and in the state. Even in the most “conservative” congregations, this topic must always be treated with kid gloves. Why is that?

Why do you come to Church? Why do you come to this church? If it is because it is what you’ve always done, or it’s the church your parents went to, or because your friends attend this church, then the moment a doctrine of the Bible accuses your conscience, you will either run away or demand the church change her teaching.

If you come to church, if you come to this church, it ought to be because Jesus Christ is the Way, the Truth, and the Life, and this Church rightly proclaims this One thing needful along with the whole counsel of God. If that is the case, then when you are confronted with a biblical doctrine that accuses your conscience, you will repent, ask forgiveness, and seek to conform your will to the Will of God.

There are many ways to answer these questions, each deserving of serious study and contemplation. What is common to them all is that we hesitate in these, and many other matters, because we don’t want to seem too far outside the norm. We don’t want to be zealots, freaks, or weirdos. We are afraid of the opinions of men. We are too afraid of the opinions of women. It is uncomfortable to be too distant from the world because our flesh still loves the world and craves its approval.

It is uncomfortable to be different and our world has trained us to seek comfort at all costs. This is how we have become catechized by the world. Our innate priorities are those taught to us in school and perpetuated by all forms of media.

Thanks be to God He sent a forerunner before the Christ. He sent John into the world not as the Christ, not as Elijah, nor as the Prophet, but as a voice. God sent a voice to preach a message of repentance and the forgiveness of sins. God placed that voice in St. John and gave him such faith that he was unafraid and unashamed of what anyone would say about him. He didn’t care if you didn’t like the hymns he sang, the way he spoke, how he dressed or how he smelled. He didn’t care because the Word of God and the truth he was sent to proclaim were far more important that the opinions of men.

Thanks be to God He sent this forerunner before the Christ. It is uncomfortable, unpleasant, and even downright painful to hear the preaching of repentance. No on likes it. The preaching of repentance makes your sins plain. You cannot hide from them. Your sins deserve eternal damnation, and they must be revealed. They must be revealed so that they might be forgiven. John preached a baptism of repentance and the forgiveness of sins. A wound must first be cleaned, a very painful process, before it can be healed.

How then can you receive the preaching of St. John? How can the example of St. John be brought to you? Begin by simply contemplating the Word of God. Intentionally spend time talking to your husband, children, friends, and neighbors about the sermon you heard that week. Read the Scriptures more than you are comfortable doing. Choose a time when you would watch television and read instead. Speak to your children about Christ. Ask them to come to church with you. If they don’t go to church, ask them about it. If your children are living in a manifest sin, talk to them about it. Ask if they know they are sinning.

Are you living in sin? “Consider your station according to the Ten Commandments, whether you are a father, mother, son, daughter, master, mistress, servant; whether you have been disobedient, unfaithful, slothful; whether you have grieved any person by word or deed; whether you have stolen, neglected, or wasted anything, or done other injury.” If so, confess your sins and hear the word of forgiveness. Then bear fruit in keeping with repentance and cease such manifest sins.

None of this is comfortable. No one ever said it would be. A camel hair shirt is not comfortable either. Wild honey might be sweet, but a diet of locusts cannot satisfy much for taste. The Christian life is promised to be uncomfortable. You are promised to bear crosses and suffer in this life. Yet these promises are for the sake of your salvation. The crosses you bear are because of your knowledge of sin.

You know sin thrives in this world and you desire to be rid of it. You know sin thrives in this world and the Holy Spirit, who dwells within you, desires to be distinct from the sins of the world. You know sin thrives in this world and you know that this world has already been conquered.

This world and its master have been conquered by the death of Jesus. No matter what crosses you must bear; no matter how uncomfortable you must be, Jesus has died for your sins and has called you out of the darkness and into marvelous light. You are not the Christ. You are not Elijah. You are not the Prophet like Moses. You are not even the voice crying in the wilderness. But the one who stands among you, you do know. You know Him because He has called you by name. He has baptized you into His glorious name. Stop letting the opinions of the world and your discomfort stop you from the fullness of Christ and all that He has to give you.

In + Jesus’ name. Amen.



[1] St. John 1:23.

[2] Proverbs 22:6.

Saturday, November 20, 2021

The Second Last Sunday in the Church Year

 The Second Last Sunday in the Church Year – November 14, 2021

Psalm 54; Daniel 7:9-14; 2 Peter 3:3-14

St. Matthew 25:31-46

In the name of the Father, and of the T Son, and of the Holy Spirit. Amen.

Christ our Lord has two primary lessons for us to learn this morning, both concerning the division of the Sheep and the Goats. First, we will examine the fact that the Sheep and the Goats are divided based on who or what they are, not by their actions. Second, we will see the fruit born of this identity and how it applies to us today.

The beginning of today’s lesson tells us that Christ is speaking of his second coming. “When the Son of Man comes in His glory, and all the holy angels with Him, then He will sit on the throne of His glory.”[1] On the last day, Jesus will return as he ascended, riding on a cloud. However, it will not only be visible to those gathered on a mountain top. There will be lightening in the East and all eyes will see him coming in glory. Christ will descend with all the heavenly host such that no living thing will miss it. All the nations, every human being will be gathered before him. After everyone has been gathered, Christ will separate humanity. He will divide his sheep from the goats.

When a shepherd divides his flock, placing the sheep on the right and the goats on the left, he is not judging the amount of wool a particular animal has provided nor the quality of cheese made from its milk. The shepherd divides the animals according to what they are – sheep and goats are different animals.

So too, when the Good Shepherd divides the flock of humanity, we will be divided based on who or what we are. Are you a child of God? Are you a baptized child of the Heavenly Father? Are you a repentant sinner? Do you have a white garment with your name on it in the Heavenly banquet hall? Do believe in Jesus Christ, Son of God and Son of Man, who died for your sins? Then the Shepherd sets you to his right.

The Goats are more difficult to comprehend. The obvious goats are all who have rejected the Son of God. All supposed atheists, Buddhists, Sikhs, Muslims, “spiritual but not religious,” and any other worshipers of false gods are clearly goats. But there are also goats in sheep’s clothing. These are those who have despised their Baptism. He might attend the Sunday service regularly but sees it as a networking opportunity. She might volunteer for every board so that the other ladies will be jealous of her status masquerading as piety. These goats are the hypocrites in the Church, who confess with their lips, but their heart is far from God.

It is these goats in sheep’s clothing who will protest the judgment of Christ most loudly. “How dare you call me a goat! I did everything you said, and I still get no thanks. What kind of God are you?” Sadly, these goats may even be more sympathetic. “How could you God? I did everything you asked of me and still I suffered. In my day of need you were silent. If I have rejected you its your own fault!”

The goats have long since evicted the Holy Spirit from the temple of their soul. The goats have kept the law outwardly but are spiritually dead. They are no different than the Pharisees whom Christ calls “whitewashed tombs.”[2] The temptation to become a goat is often in the name of hypocrisy. The goats are the most likely to complain, “The church is too interested in right doctrine. The church doesn’t do enough for the hungry, thirsty, stranger, naked, sick, or imprisoned. This should be our focus!”

The church absolutely should care for these people. But care for the poor is for the purpose of the salvation of his soul. The primary purpose of the church is to preach the gospel, the pure gospel of Christ – which means calling sinners to repentance and forgiving the sins of the repentant. The preaching of the gospel requires pure doctrine. If our doctrine is false or muted by the whims of the world, we risk preaching people into goats. We risk raising an entire flock of goats rather than sheep. We risk damning those we encounter rather than speaking to them salvation in Christ.

Having an idea of who the Sheep and the Goats are, we must again notice they are divided long before their works are recounted. The Sheep are Sheep. The Goats are Goats. Sheep go to the right. Goats go to the left. They are divided based on their identity, who and what they are, not what they’ve done.

After the division, our Lord speaks to each group in turn and recounts their works, or their lack thereof; but before we can examine the list of works, there is one more character in this parable that we must define: “the least of these My brethren.”[3] This phrase could simply refer to the destitute, anyone who is hungry, thirsty, a stranger, naked, sick, or in prison. There is certainly a truth in this. All Christians are called to serve their neighbor, especially those of the household of faith, and especially in her time of need.[4]

The key phrase in this word of our Lord is “My brethren.” There is only one group of people in Scripture to whom our Lord refers as “My brethren”: The Twelve. The Twelve Apostles are the only group which Jesus calls “My brothers” in Scripture. All Christians are brothers and sisters in Christ, but our Lord reserved this title especially for those men called into the Office of the Holy Ministry because these men are called to serve in his stead, enduring particular hardships and receiving particular blessings. Thus, it is natural to read, “the least of these My brethren” as referring to pastors.

In this case, the works which are recounted by Christ refer to how the Sheep or the Goats received their pastors. These works are not strictly about how often you’ve served in the soup kitchen but rather how you received the man sent to you by God to bear God’s gifts to you. How have you received the man who bears the medicine of immortality, the Word of Life, and the font of pure water?

None of this is to say, how have you judged the individual called to minister to you. There is a distinction between the man and the Office but the Office is filled by an individual. What does a hearer owe his pastor according to his Office?[5]

·         “The Lord has commanded that those who preach the gospel should receive their living from the gospel.”[6]

·         “Anyone who receives instruction in the word must share all good things with his instructor. Do not be deceived: God cannot be mocked. A man reaps what he sows.”[7]

·         “The pastors who direct the affairs of the church well are worthy of double honor, especially those whose work is preaching and teaching. For the Scripture says, ‘Do not muzzle the ox while it is treading out the grain,’ and ‘the worker deserves his wages.’”[8]

·         “We ask you brothers, to respect those who work hard among you, who are over in the Lord and who admonish you. Hold them in the highest regard in love because of their work. Live in peace with each other.”[9]

·         “Obey your leaders and submit to their authority. They keep watch over you as men who must give an account. Obey them so that their work will be a joy, not a burden, for that would be of no advantage to you.”[10]

The Sheep in the parable have heard the preaching of the Gospel and responded with joy. They have recognized the beautiful feet of those who preach the gospel of peace and bring glad tidings of good things, who proclaim salvation and says to the Church, “Your God reigns!”[11]

It is true that I, nor the vast majority of pastors preaching in Christ’s church in the West, have never truly experienced hunger, thirst, homelessness, poverty, or prison. It is in the nature of the Office of the Holy Ministry to experience being a stranger. Often, we are called far away from our family, even if for just the four years of seminary. When we receive a call to a congregation, very rarely will we arrive knowing anyone or anything in the area. Making friends is very difficult because of the demands of the Office and our families. Those closest to us in the church are still our parishioners, still our spiritual children, and thus not candidates for the closest of friends.

What then do the actions of the Sheep look like in the modern West? Ensuring your pastor has a living wage and the ability to care for the physical, spiritual, and emotional needs of his family, including their health. It also looks like making sure he has the opportunity to study the Word of God so that he is able to minister to you; to purchase books to broaden his knowledge so that he is able to teach you; to have time and space to contemplate the needs of the congregation and the mysteries of God. It looks like ensuring he has time to pray for you and his family. It looks like sitting attentively during the Divine Service, Bible Study, and when your pastor comes to visit you. The actions of the Sheep look like communicating with your pastor and thinking twice before disregarding his words.

The actions of the Sheep look like sharing the fruits of your garden with your pastor’s family or taking him out for lunch to talk about sports, books, or home improvement. It looks like giving him the opportunity to attend conferences, visit brothers in the ministry, and subscribe to journals so that he might be refreshed in his zeal for the Lord.

The actions of the Sheep also look like ensuring your pastor has time to rest; has time to play with his children; has opportunity to attend to his house; and is able to be the husband and father God has called him to be. It looks like encouraging him to care for his beloved wife so that she does not become lonely, isolated, or resentful.

This exhortation is not a checklist of necessary actions for your salvation nor is it a laundry list of my personal complaints. It is however, a list of examples of what it means to serve the ‘least of these, Christ’s brethren.’ This service should be rendered with a joyful heart, such that you might not even realize what you’ve done. The Sheep have no idea what they’ve done because they were simply grateful to have the Word of God preached to them so that they would be saved; so that they would be numbered among the Sheep at the final judgement.

The Goats respond to Christ’s judgment by calling themselves ministers. ‘When did we see you in these situations and not minister to you?’[12] The Goats believe they know better how to manage God’s church than the men called to serve, and yet they refused to seek this knowledge in the Word of God. They are set in the ways of the world and have no heart for the ways of God. “The fear of the Lord is the beginning of Wisdom.”

Most certainly, each of us has Goat moments. If we are honest and measure ourselves according to the Word of God, examining our own consciences against the Ten Commandments, we will quickly see there is no hope for us. Each of has despised the Office of the Holy Ministry, sinned against our own pastor or another man called to be a pastor. If you have the slightest bit of humility, you will know that you deserve to be a Goat.

Thanks be to God you are not the one who determines when and how you become a Sheep. The Blood of Christ sheers the coarse goat fur from your back and replaces it with white wool. For each of those Goat moments, cry out to the Father for mercy for the sake of Jesus. The Sheep are marked by repentance, for they know they are poor, miserable sinners. The Sheep also know they are pure as fresh snow on account of the forgiveness of Christ. You became a Sheep when the Name of the Triune God was placed upon you in Holy Baptism. To endure as a Sheep in this world is to receive the gifts of God from your pastor as from God himself. When you get your Goat up, repent and receive the gift of absolution from your pastor as from God himself. Pray for your pastor. Honor your pastor. Treat him as an angel, a messenger, of God. Above all, receive the Word of your pastor for it is not his word, but the Word of God.[13]

In T Jesus’ name. Amen.



[1] St. Matthew 25:31.

[2] St. Matthew 23:27: “Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you are like whitewashed tombs which indeed appear beautiful outwardly, but inside are full of dead men’s bones and all uncleanness.”

[3] St. Matthew 25:40.

[4] Acts 11:27-30; Galatians 6:9-10; James 1:27; 1 Timothy 6:18-19.

[5] According to the Table of Duties in Luther’s Small Catechism.

[6] 1 Corinthians 9:14.

[7] Galatians 6:6-7.

[8] 1 Timothy 5:17-18.

[9] 1 Thessalonians 5:12-13.

[10] Hebrews 13:17.

[11] Isaiah 52:7; Romans 10:15.

[12] St. Matthew 25:44.

[13] Romans 1:16; 1 Corinthians 1:23; Galatians 1:8; Revelation 1:20.

Gaudete (Advent 3)

Gaudete – December 14, 2025 Psalm 85; Isaiah 40:1-11; 1 Corinthians 4:1-5 St. Matthew 11:2-11 In the Name of the Father, and of the + ...